DRILLING INDUSTRY provides a significant potential for occupational health risks. Thus, health-related hazards (chemical, physical, ergonomic and biological) must be recognized, evaluated and controlled in order to prevent occupational illnesses which come from exposure to them. For these, a good occupational health risk assessment needs to be applied. Risk assessment monitors risks and provides guidance for decision-making. This project identifies all the occupational health risks and estimated risk levels. At last, the risk numbers are assessed their significance by the use of occupational health risk assessment techniques to minimize the risks. The main goal is to gain a level of risk protection which is acceptable with a good model. Therefore, the Occupational health risk assessment worksheet illustrates health hazards into four categories of every tasks of DRILLING INDUSTRY. The risk categorized in the five levels and the high risks of Iranian DRILLING INDUSTRY are those in the category of c.

Purpose: The future of the construction INDUSTRY is increasingly influenced by new technologies. In order to adopt appropriate strategies in facing new technologies, it is necessary to know the possible futures of the construction INDUSTRY. This research was done with the aim of explaining the technological uncertainties and compiling the future scenarios of the construction INDUSTRY.  Method: The research method is applied and was carried out with a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. First, the library study was used to determine the technological drivers, then the Structural Analysis was used to explain the technological uncertainties, and finally, the Schwartz method was used to compile the scenarios. The statistical population is experts of construction INDUSTRY. Findings: Nine technological uncertainties affecting the future of the construction INDUSTRY have been identified and for each of them, three states of decline, stagnation and progress have been considered. Data analysis by Scenario Wizard shows eight probable scenarios. The portfolio of scenarios including four groups of progress scenarios, towards progress, towards stagnation, and towards wane has been compiled. Conclusion: In the progress scenario, the 89% of uncertainties have developed. In  towards progress, 56% of the factors are in the development status, which indicates the development of the technological factor application. In the stagnation scenario, no progress has been made in the application of uncertainties and they are in a static state. In towards wane, uncertainties have been placed in a situation of reduced use.

The economic aspects of technological advances in the DRILLING INDUSTRY using the maximum reservoir contact (MRC) method compared to other DRILLING technologies have been investigated in this study. Field and survey methods from combined implementation research methods have been performed by a dynamic approach using Vensim software. Professors, DRILLING and reservoir engineering professionals in the oil and gas DRILLING INDUSTRY, or equivalent positions, comprised the study’s statistical population. Finally, 120 individuals were chosen by nonprobabilistic sampling (judgment) and the snowball method. In the Vensim dynamic environment, the simulation completion time (based on the 2017 dynamics model) and the initial simulation time (based on the 2013 dynamics model) were adjusted to generate a flow diagram analyzing the economic aspects of technological improvements in this type of DRILLING INDUSTRY. According to the causal tree results, the DRILLING INDUSTRY’s performance has the highest priority among studies of economic aspects of technological changes in the DRILLING INDUSTRY using the MRC method. It has a significant relationship with technological changes in the DRILLING INDUSTRY. The sensitivity analysis chart demonstrated that with a change in the variable of indicators of the DRILLING INDUSTRY at an average level of 5.25 to 5.5, the target variable, i.e., the performance of the DRILLING INDUSTRY, had the least sensitivity and had no particular effect on it. On the other hand, by modifying the effectiveness of the DRILLING INDUSTRY, effectiveness indicators at the average level of 6.95, the target variable had the maximum sensitivity and had a very significant effect on it.

In this paper, the effect of surface curvature on calibration coefficients of the Hole-DRILLING method has been studied. Firstly, an FE simulation of the DRILLING process has been modeled for a flat surface. Then, the simulation has been implemented on a cylinder with different diameters and the calibration coefficients have been extracted. In all analyses, the stain-gauge rosette and hole diameter remain constant and mesh removal in the DRILLING simulation was achieved in eight increments. The comparison of simulation results and standard published calibration coefficients data for a flat surface show an acceptable error equal to 2.8 variation of errors between 0.6 to 6.2.

This research has been done in order to study economic aspects of technological changes in Horizontal DRILLING methods especially MRC method in DRILLING for oil. In order to identify and evaluate related variables in both technological changes and economic indices, we used Vensim software to treat data collected during the time period of 2013 to 2017, in order to capture system dynamics. Data was collected through use of a questionnaire developed in consultation with DRILLING and economic experts. The study considered many constant variables. The study confirms positive growth in the technological changes of horizontal DRILLING especially via MRC method which, increased values of economic indices.

The effects of planting methods for plant establishment of grass were studied in this work. Three important grass species in Iranian rangelands are Agropyron elengatum, A. desertorum and Bromus tomentellus. The investigated planting methods were broadcasting, shallow DRILLING and deep DRILLING. The experiment was carried out in split plot experimental design. The main factors were planting methods and the sub factors were grass species. They were planted in three replications and in two years. In broadcasting, a 28-blade disk covered the seeds. A Rau experimental planter was used in shallow and deep DRILLING methods. In shallow DRILLING method furrow openers were not used on planter. For deep DRILLING furrow openers were installed on planter. This study was carried out in 1997and 1998.In the broadcasting planting method, the seedling was not established properly. The best seedling establishment was in shallow DRILLING method. The seedlings were established intermediate in deep DRILLING method.

One of the main challenges of innovation and technology development for decision makers is how policies should be provided for a complex sector under environmental instabilities (e.g. economic, political, social transitions). In this regard, in current study through inspiring by Hegel’s dialectic approach, the variety and contradictions of Iranian oil and gas DRILLING INDUSTRY experts’ viewpoints toward innovation and technology development policymaking under economic transition conditions have been identified. Considering the consistency between Q-methodology and Hegelian dialectic approach, we utilize Q-method to conduct the case study, and to extract the variety of standpoints. The output of Q-method indicates that there are a high diversity (10 different viewpoints) and conflicts among the viewpoints in the concourse of petroleum DRILLING INDUSTRY. To scrutinize the conflicts, which are according to dialectic method the origin of dynamism in systems, we categorized the viewpoints by applying hierarchical clustering method. The resulted clusters show that each group of key players has similar and common cluster, therefore we can argue that the conflicts are among the group of players not the individuals. These conflicts are necessary for developing dynamic policies to enhance the system. Thus, the extracted advised policies based on this method are not the optimum balance of the viewpoints or they are not the consensus of the standpoints, rather they are the new viewpoints created from synthesizing the conflicted viewpoints. Accordingly, the helical innovation policymaking model for the large technical systems (sectors) have been conceptualized and proposed.